Xue, Yijiao and Ma, Zhewen and Xu, Xiaodong and Shen, Mingxia and Huang, Guobo and Bourbigot, Serge and Liu, Xiaoqing and Song, Pingan 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1082-652X
(2021)
Mechanically robust and flame-retardant polylactide composites based on molecularly-engineered polyphosphoramides.
Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 144:106317.
pp. 1-15.
ISSN 1359-8368
Abstract
Intrinsic flammability significantly impedes practical applications of polylactide (PLA), despite many merits. Phosphoramides have shown exceptional flame retardancy efficiency in PLA, but to date it remains a grand challenge to create strong, tough and flame-retardant PLA based on phosphoramides due to lack of fundamental understanding of structure-property correlation. Herein, we design a series of polyphosphoramides (PPDA-x) with tunable structures and compositions. With 1.0 wt% of PPDA-8, tensile strength and toughness of PLA are increased by 11% and 44%, respectively, because of balanced hydrogen-bonding and interfacial tension. Meanwhile, the final PLA achieves a desirable UL-94V-0 rating and a high limited oxygen index (LOI) of ~26.8% because phosphorus contents and interfacial tension govern flame retardancy. This work offers a general methodology for creating robust and flame-retardant polymers by molecularly tailoring flame retardants and shedding light on their structure-property relationship.
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