Denham, Joshua 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5804-4960 and O'Brien, Brendan J. and Charchar, Fadi J.
(2016)
Telomere Length Maintenance and Cardio-Metabolic Disease
Prevention Through Exercise Training.
Sports Medicine, 46 (9).
pp. 1213-1237.
ISSN 0112-1642
Abstract
Telomeres are tandem repeat DNA sequences located at distal ends of chromosomes that protect against genomic DNA degradation and chromosomal instability. Excessive telomere shortening leads to cellular senescence and for this reason telomere length is a marker of biological age. Abnormally short telomeres may culminate in the manifestation of a number of cardio-metabolic diseases. Age-related cardio-metabolic diseases attributable to an inactive lifestyle, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease, are associated with short leukocyte telomeres. Exercise training prevents and manages the symptoms of many cardio-metabolic diseases whilst concurrently maintaining telomere length. The positive relationship between exercise training, physical fitness and telomere length raises the possibility of a mediating role of telomeres in chronic disease prevention via exercise. Further elucidation of the underpinning molecular mechanisms of how exercise maintains telomere length should provide crucial information on how physical activity can be best structured to combat the chronic disease epidemic and improve the human health span. Here, we synthesise and discuss the current evidence on the impact of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness on telomere dynamics. We provide the molecular mechanisms with a known role in exercise-induced telomere length maintenance and highlight unexplored, alternative pathways ripe for future investigations.
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| Item Type: | Article (Commonwealth Reporting Category C) |
|---|---|
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Item Status: | Live Archive |
| Faculty/School / Institute/Centre: | No Faculty |
| Faculty/School / Institute/Centre: | No Faculty |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Dec 2021 04:21 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Dec 2021 04:35 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Aging; Cardiorespiratory Fitness; Cardiovascular Diseases; Exercise; Humans; Metabolic Diseases; Physical Endurance; Telomerase; Telomere Homeostasis; Telomere-Binding Proteins |
| Fields of Research (2008): | 06 Biological Sciences > 0604 Genetics > 060499 Genetics not elsewhere classified 11 Medical and Health Sciences > 1106 Human Movement and Sports Science > 110602 Exercise Physiology |
| Fields of Research (2020): | 31 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES > 3105 Genetics > 310599 Genetics not elsewhere classified 42 HEALTH SCIENCES > 4207 Sports science and exercise > 420702 Exercise physiology |
| Identification Number or DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0482-4 |
| URI: | http://eprints.usq.edu.au/id/eprint/43637 |
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