Brink, Gavin N. and Wandel, Andrew P. and Hancock, Nigel H. and Pather, Selvan (2017) Spreading rate and dispersion behavior of evaporation-suppressant monolayer on open water surfaces: part 1 – at zero wind stress. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 87. pp. 182-190. ISSN 0894-1777
Abstract
Effective evaporation suppression by a monolayer film is largely dependent on the maintenance of that film over as much of the water surface as practically possible. Hence, an autonomous system capable of adaptive re-application of monolayer according to the prevailing wind conditions in order to satisfy this requirement is highly desirable. Key to the design and functioning of a system of this nature is a fundamental understanding of the spatial movement/distribution characteristics of the monolayer material. To ‘bridge’ between centimeter-scale, clean room laboratory experimentation (e.g. with a Petri dish) and field conditions (i.e. hectare-scale open water storages), the spreading rate and dispersion behavior of different application quantities of octadecanol monolayer (in water-emulsion) was investigated on 0.3 m, 2 m and 6 m diameter laboratory water tanks under zero wind stress. A standard formula for spreading is shown to be applicable to ‘bulk’ monolayer from a center point on circular, open water surfaces of scale 0.3 m, 2 m and 6 m diameter. Under still conditions, monolayer spread (as expected) in a uniform circular pattern outwards, centered on the point of application. ‘Bulk’ application involved the placement of enough material to form layers 1�, 3� or 6� monomolecular. Hitherto this has not been demonstrated with either these ‘overdosed’ (3�, 6�) material quantities or at these scales, scales which come closer to those required for monolayer application for the evaporation mitigation of practical open water storages. An empirical relationship for spreading rate has been developed as a function of both time and storage size.
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| Item Type: | Article (Commonwealth Reporting Category C) |
|---|---|
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Item Status: | Live Archive |
| Additional Information: | Published version cannot be displayed due to copyright restrictions. |
| Faculty / Department / School: | Current - Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences - School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering |
| Date Deposited: | 23 Oct 2017 04:50 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Apr 2018 04:57 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | monolayer; evaporation reduction; spreading rate; dam storage size |
| Fields of Research : | 03 Chemical Sciences > 0306 Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural) > 030607 Transport Properties and Non-equilibrium Processes 05 Environmental Sciences > 0502 Environmental Science and Management > 050202 Conservation and Biodiversity 09 Engineering > 0999 Other Engineering > 099901 Agricultural Engineering |
| Socio-Economic Objective: | D Environment > 96 Environment > 9609 Land and Water Management > 960905 Farmland, Arable Cropland and Permanent Cropland Water Management |
| Identification Number or DOI: | 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2017.05.007 |
| URI: | http://eprints.usq.edu.au/id/eprint/32485 |
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