Howe, Peter R. C. and Buckley, Jonathan D. and Murphy, Karen J. and Pettman, Tahna and Milte, Catherine and Coates, Alison M. (2014) Relationship between erythrocyte omega-3 content and obesity is gender dependent. Nutrients, 6 (5). pp. 1850-1860.
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Abstract
Epidemiological evidence of an inverse association between consumption of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) and obesity has been conflicting, even though studies in animal models of obesity and limited human trials suggest that LC n-3 PUFA consumption may contribute to weight loss. We used baseline data from a convenience sample of 476 adults (291 women, 185 men) participating in clinical trials at our Centre to explore relationships between erythrocyte levels of LC n-3 PUFA (a reliable indicator of habitual intake) and measures of adiposity, viz. body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and body fat (BF) assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Means ± SD of assessments were BMI: 34 ± 7 and 31 ± 5 kg/m2; WC: 105 ± 16 and 110 ± 13 cm; BF: 48 ± 5 and 35% ± 6% in women and men respectively. Erythrocyte levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were similar in men and women while docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) was higher and EPA + DHA (Omega-3 Index) slightly lower in men than in women. Both DHA and EPA + DHA correlated inversely with BMI, WC and BF in women while DPA correlated inversely with BF in men. Quartile distributions and curvilinear regression of the Omega-3 Index versus BMI revealed a steep rise of BMI in the lower range of the Omega-3 Index in women, but no association in men. Thus the results highlight important gender differences in relationships of specific LC n-3 PUFA in erythrocytes to markers of adiposity. If these reflect causal relationships between LC n-3 PUFA consumption and risk of obesity, gender specific targeted interventions should be considered.
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| Item Type: | Article (Commonwealth Reporting Category C) |
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| Refereed: | Yes |
| Item Status: | Live Archive |
| Additional Information: | © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). |
| Faculty / Department / School: | No Faculty |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Jun 2017 06:20 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Nov 2017 04:17 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Adiposity; Fish oil; Gender; Omega-3 Index; Absorptiometry, Photon; Adiposity; Adult; Body Height; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Cross-Sectional Studies; Docosahexaenoic Acids; Eicosapentaenoic Acid; Erythrocytes; |
| Fields of Research : | 11 Medical and Health Sciences > 1111 Nutrition and Dietetics > 111199 Nutrition and Dietetics not elsewhere classified |
| Socio-Economic Objective: | E Expanding Knowledge > 97 Expanding Knowledge > 970111 Expanding Knowledge in the Medical and Health Sciences |
| Identification Number or DOI: | 10.3390/nu6051850 |
| URI: | http://eprints.usq.edu.au/id/eprint/31577 |
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