Modulation of tissue fatty acids by l-carnitine attenuates metabolic syndrome in diet-induced obese rats

Panchal, Sunil K. and Poudyal, Hemant and Ward, Leigh C. and Waanders, Jennifer and Brown, Lindsay (2015) Modulation of tissue fatty acids by l-carnitine attenuates metabolic syndrome in diet-induced obese rats. Food and Function, 6 (8). pp. 2496-2506. ISSN 2042-6496

Abstract

Obesity and dyslipidaemia are metabolic defects resulting from impaired lipid metabolism. These impairments are associated with the development of cardiovascular disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Correcting the defects in lipid metabolism may attenuate obesity and dyslipidaemia, and reduce cardiovascular risk and liver damage. l-Carnitine supplementation was used in this study to enhance fatty acid oxidation so as to ameliorate diet-induced disturbances in lipid metabolism. Male Wistar rats (8-9 weeks old) were fed with either corn starch or high-carbohydrate, high-fat diets for 16 weeks. Separate groups were supplemented with l-carnitine (1.2% in food) on either diet for the last 8 weeks of the protocol. High-carbohydrate, high-fat diet-fed rats showed central obesity, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance, hyperinsulinaemia, cardiovascular remodelling and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. l-Carnitine supplementation attenuated these high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet-induced changes, together with modifications in lipid metabolism including the inhibition of stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 activity, reduced storage of short-chain monounsaturated fatty acids in the tissues with decreased linoleic acid content and trans fatty acids stored in retroperitoneal fat. Thus, l-carnitine supplementation attenuated the signs of metabolic syndrome through inhibition of stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 activity, preferential [small beta]-oxidation of some fatty acids and increased storage of saturated fatty acids and relatively inert oleic acid in the tissues.

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Item Type:	Article (Commonwealth Reporting Category C)
Refereed:	Yes
Item Status:	Live Archive
Additional Information:	Permanent restricted access to Published version due to publisher's copyright policy.
Faculty / Department / School:	Current - Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences - School of Health and Wellbeing
Date Deposited:	06 Jan 2016 02:07
Last Modified:	22 Jul 2016 05:58
Uncontrolled Keywords:	metabolism, fatty acids, l-carnitine, obesity, cardiovascular remodelling
Fields of Research :	11 Medical and Health Sciences > 1111 Nutrition and Dietetics > 111103 Nutritional Physiology 11 Medical and Health Sciences > 1115 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences > 111501 Basic Pharmacology
Socio-Economic Objective:	E Expanding Knowledge > 97 Expanding Knowledge > 970111 Expanding Knowledge in the Medical and Health Sciences
Identification Number or DOI:	10.1039/C5FO00480B
URI:	http://eprints.usq.edu.au/id/eprint/27584

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