Kuan, G. and Morris, T. and Terry, P. (2012) Comparison of the effect of arousing and relaxing music during imagery training for power and fine motor skill sport tasks. In: 2nd International Congress of Science, Education and Medicine in Sport (ICSEMIS 2012): Sport: Inspiring a Learning Legacy, 19-24 Jul 2012, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Imagery is a psychological training used by professional athletes and music is believed could influence the efficacy of imagery.
AIM: This study examined the effects of arousing and relaxing music during an imagery intervention on performance of power and fine-motor skill tasks.
METHOD: Twenty competitive elite shooters and weightlifters were assigned at random to one of two interventions: Unfamiliar relaxing or arousing music with imagery. This produced four conditions: Fine motor task (pistol shooting) imagery with either relaxing (matched) or arousing (mismatched) music and power task (weightlifting) imagery with either relaxing (mismatched) or arousing (matched) music. A pretest-intervention posttest design was used with two simulation competitions: 10m air-pistol shooting performance, and a standard weightlifting event - Clean and Jerk. Participants completed 12 sessions of imagery over four weeks before the posttest was conducted.
RESULTS: MANOVA analysis for pistol shooting showed that the differences across type of music used with imagery
were significant on the gain-score for competition performance F(1,16)=8.85, p<.05, ç2=.36, with a significantly larger increase in performance for relaxing music than arousing music. In addition, the self-confidence gain score was significant F(1,16)=12.57, p<.05, ç2=.44. As for the weightlifters, MANOVA analysis results showed that the differences across types of music used with imagery were significant in terms of gain-scores for competition
performance F(1,16)=12.27, p<.05, ç2=.43, with significantly larger increases in performance with relaxing music than arousing music. The self-confidence gain score was also significant F(1,16)=10.09, p<.05, ç2=.39.
DISCUSSION: Contrary to findings when music is played before or during the actual tasks, in this study relaxing
music facilitated imagery of both fine-motor and power tasks, suggesting that relaxation plays a role in imagery of
sports skills.
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