Ku, Harry S. (2012) Processing of materials using electromagnetic fields. In: Wiley encyclopedia of composites, 2nd ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ. United States, pp. 2487-2500. ISBN 978-0-470-12828-2
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Abstract
The paper started by explaining the advantages of microwave processing over conventional heating of materials. This was followed by mentioning that loss tangent is the most important property in microwave processing. The most common generator of microwaves is 2.45 GHz magnetron which is used in home microwave ovens. However, the drawback of microwave processing of materials, using fixed frequency irradiation, is localized heating which would eventually lead to thermal runaway. Variable frequency microwave (VFM) processing of materials was therefore mentioned together with its advantages. VFM offers rapid, uniform and selective heating over a large volume and at a high energy coupling efficiency. This is accomplished using preselected bandwidth sweeping around a central frequency employing tuneable sources such as travelling wave tubes as the microwave power amplifier. Several recent successful applications using fixed and variable frequency microwaves were than described.
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